Brain model

Prediction of the deformations of a brain from intraoperative MR (Magnetic Resonance) scans during neurosurgery.
Simulations : brain shift due to gravity and CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) leakage and draining, effect of tumor retraction and resection, etc.

Discontinuities in the displacement field (surgical cuts - retractions, resections) can be modelled using the 3D eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM).
These simulations lead to updated hi-res preoperative images that could help the surgeon using a neuronavigation system.